Migrate from Docker on Debian to Podman on Rocky

- Upgrade base OS from Debian 11 to Rocky Linux 9
- Configure 100GB XFS filesystem with auto-expansion
- Replace Docker with rootless Podman for improved security
- Add nginx reverse proxy for non-privileged port handling
- Move the Traefik dashboard from port 8443 to 9443
- Configure SELinux contexts for container operations
This commit is contained in:
Kris Lamoureux 2025-06-08 22:14:49 -04:00
parent 236ec455cc
commit d2473533d5
Signed by: kris
GPG Key ID: 105B748C1362EB96
17 changed files with 344 additions and 127 deletions

2
.gitignore vendored
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@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
.ansible_vault
.ansible*
.bitwarden
environments
*.log

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@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
SHELL := /bin/bash
all: vagrant
vagrant:
vagrant up --no-destroy-on-error --no-color | tee ./vagrantup.log
set -o pipefail; vagrant up --no-destroy-on-error --no-color | tee ./vagrantup.log
./scripts/forward-ssh.sh
clean:

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@ -1,58 +1,65 @@
# Free I.T. Athen's Infrastructure
This project is used to develop Ansible for deploying and maintaining websites
and services operated by Free I.T. Athens (FRITA).
- Requires GNU Make, Ansible, and Vagrant on the host
## Quick Start
1. Clone this project
2. Run `make` to provision a Debian 11 base box
2. Run `make` to provision a Rocky 9 base box
3. Go to
- [Traefik Dashboard](https://traefik.local.freeitathens.org:8443/dashboard/#/)
- [WordPress](https://www.local.freeitathens.org)
- [Nextcloud](https://cloud.local.freeitathens.org)
- [Traefik Dashboard](https://traefik.local.freeitathens.org:9443/dashboard/#/)
- [WordPress](https://www.local.freeitathens.org)
- [Nextcloud](https://cloud.local.freeitathens.org)
4. Click through the HTTPS security warning
## Production
1. Clone [production-env](https://github.com/freeitathens/production-env/) to `./environments`
```
mkdir -p environments
git clone git@github.com:freeitathens/production-env.git ./environments
```
```
mkdir -p environments
git clone git@github.com:freeitathens/production-env.git ./environments
```
2. Run `./scripts/vault-key.sh` from the root of the project to obtain the Ansible Vault password
3. Enter the Bitwarden Master Password
4. Run `ansible-playbook` against the production servers, e.g.,
```
ansible-playbook -u root -i environments/production --vault-pass-file ./.ansible_vault webserver.yml --diff --check
```
```
ansible-playbook -u root -i environments/production --vault-pass-file ./.ansible_vault webserver.yml --diff --check
```
5. Delete the `.ansible_vault` file when you are done
### Using Ansible Vault to add or rotate values
Do not submit ciphertext into Ansible Vault with the indention formatting.<br />
To submit, press `CTRL+d` twice.
- Decrypt Ansible Vault values
```
ansible-vault decrypt --vault-pass-file .ansible_vault
```
```
ansible-vault decrypt --vault-pass-file .ansible_vault
```
- Encrypt new Ansible Vault values
```
ansible-vault encrypt --vault-pass-file .ansible_vault
```
- e.g., `pwgen -s 100 1 | ansible-vault encrypt --vault-pass-file .ansible_vault`
```
ansible-vault encrypt --vault-pass-file .ansible_vault
```
- e.g., `pwgen -s 100 1 | ansible-vault encrypt --vault-pass-file .ansible_vault`
## Authors
* **Kris Lamoureux** - *Project Founder* - [@krislamo](https://github.com/krislamo)
- **Kris Lamoureux** - _Project Founder_ - [@krislamo](https://github.com/krislamo)
## Copyrights and Licenses
Copyright (C) 2019, 2020, 2022 Free I.T. Athens
Copyright (C) 2019, 2020, 2022, 2023, 2025 Free I.T. Athens
This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
@ -60,7 +67,7 @@ Foundation, version 3 of the License.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

24
Vagrantfile vendored
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@ -14,9 +14,13 @@ else
File.write(".playbook", PLAYBOOK)
end
# Debian 11
# Optionally allow more verbosity in Ansible
VAGRANT_ANSIBLE_VERBOSE=ENV["VAGRANT_ANSIBLE_VERBOSE"] || false
Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
config.vm.box = "debian/bullseye64"
config.vm.box = "rockylinux/9"
config.vm.hostname = "fritadev"
config.vm.disk :disk, size: "100GB", primary: true
config.vm.synced_folder ".", "/vagrant", disabled: true
config.vm.network "private_network", type: "dhcp"
@ -29,6 +33,7 @@ Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
libvirt.cpus = 2
libvirt.memory = 4096
libvirt.default_prefix = ""
libvirt.machine_virtual_size = 100
end
# Set VirtualBox settings
@ -37,11 +42,24 @@ Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
vbox.memory = 4096
end
# Expand XFS rootfs
config.vm.provision "shell", inline: <<-SHELL
set -xe
df -h /
dnf install -y cloud-utils-growpart
PART="$(findmnt -n -o SOURCE /)"
DISK="$(lsblk -n -o PKNAME "$PART")"
NUM="$(lsblk -n -o KNAME "$PART" | sed 's/.*[^0-9]//')"
growpart "/dev/$DISK" "$NUM" && \
xfs_growfs /
df -h /
SHELL
# Provision with Ansible
config.vm.provision "ansible" do |ansible|
ENV['ANSIBLE_ROLES_PATH'] = File.dirname(__FILE__) + "/roles"
ansible.compatibility_mode = "2.0"
ansible.playbook = "dev/" + PLAYBOOK + ".yml"
ansible.verbose = VAGRANT_ANSIBLE_VERBOSE
end
end

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@ -3,4 +3,4 @@ inventory = ./environments/development
interpreter_python = /usr/bin/python3
[ssh_connection]
pipelining=True
pipelining = True

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@ -9,10 +9,14 @@ secret:
NEXTCLOUD_ADMIN_PASSWORD: NCadm1npa55w0rd!
##############
### Docker ###
### Common ###
##############
docker_users:
- vagrant
users:
oci:
uid: 2000
gid: 2000
home: true
ansible_temp: true
################
#### MariaDB ###
@ -30,12 +34,12 @@ webserver:
###############
### Traefik ###
###############
#TRAEFIK_VERSION: latest
#TRAEFIK_ROOT_DOMAIN: local.freeitathens.org
#TRAEFIK_DOMAIN: traefik.local.freeitathens.org
#TRAEFIK_DASHBOARD: true
#TRAEFIK_EXPOSED_DEFAULT: false
#TRAEFIK_WEB_ENABLED: true
# TRAEFIK_VERSION: latest
# TRAEFIK_ROOT_DOMAIN: local.freeitathens.org
# TRAEFIK_DOMAIN: traefik.local.freeitathens.org
# TRAEFIK_DASHBOARD: true
# TRAEFIK_EXPOSED_DEFAULT: false
# TRAEFIK_WEB_ENABLED: true
TRAEFIK_DEBUG: true
TRAEFIK_ACME_PROVIDER: dreamhost
TRAEFIK_ACME_CASERVER: https://localhost/directory
@ -45,23 +49,23 @@ webserver:
#################
### WordPress ###
#################
#WORDPRESS_VERSION: latest
#WORDPRESS_DOMAIN: www.local.freeitathens.org
#WORDPRESS_DB_HOST: host.docker.internal
#WORDPRESS_DB_NAME: wordpress
#WORDPRESS_DB_USER: wordpress
#WORDPRESS_WEB_ENABLED: true
# WORDPRESS_VERSION: latest
# WORDPRESS_DOMAIN: www.local.freeitathens.org
# WORDPRESS_DB_HOST: host.docker.internal
# WORDPRESS_DB_NAME: wordpress
# WORDPRESS_DB_USER: wordpress
# WORDPRESS_WEB_ENABLED: true
WORDPRESS_DB_PASSWORD: "{{ secret.WORDPRESS_DB_PASSWORD }}"
#################
### Nextcloud ###
#################
#NEXTCLOUD_VERSION: stable
#NEXTCLOUD_DOMAIN: cloud.local.freeitathens.org
#NEXTCLOUD_MYSQL_HOST: host.docker.internal
#NEXTCLOUD_MYSQL_DATABASE: nextcloud
#NEXTCLOUD_MYSQL_USER: nextcloud
#NEXTCLOUD_WEB_ENABLED: true
#NEXTCLOUD_ADMIN: admin
# NEXTCLOUD_VERSION: stable
# NEXTCLOUD_DOMAIN: cloud.local.freeitathens.org
# NEXTCLOUD_MYSQL_HOST: host.docker.internal
# NEXTCLOUD_MYSQL_DATABASE: nextcloud
# NEXTCLOUD_MYSQL_USER: nextcloud
# NEXTCLOUD_WEB_ENABLED: true
# NEXTCLOUD_ADMIN: admin
NEXTCLOUD_ADMIN_PASSWORD: "{{ secret.NEXTCLOUD_ADMIN_PASSWORD }}"
NEXTCLOUD_MYSQL_PASSWORD: "{{ secret.NEXTCLOUD_MYSQL_PASSWORD }}"

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@ -5,5 +5,5 @@
- vars/webserver.yml
roles:
- common
- docker
- podman
- webserver

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@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
packages:
common_packages:
- dnsutils
- ncdu
- tree
- vim

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@ -2,35 +2,87 @@
ansible.builtin.file:
path: "~/.ansible/tmp"
state: directory
mode: 0700
mode: "755"
- name: Create system user groups
ansible.builtin.group:
name: "{{ item.key }}"
gid: "{{ item.value.gid }}"
state: present
loop: "{{ users | dict2items }}"
loop_control:
label: "{{ item.key }}"
when: users is defined
- name: Create system users
ansible.builtin.user:
name: "{{ item.key }}"
state: present
uid: "{{ item.value.uid }}"
group: "{{ item.value.gid }}"
groups: "{{ item.value.groups | default([]) }}"
shell: "{{ item.value.shell | default('/bin/bash') }}"
create_home: "{{ item.value.home | default(false) }}"
home: "{{ item.value.homedir | default('/home/' + item.key) }}"
system: "{{ item.value.system | default(false) }}"
loop: "{{ users | dict2items }}"
loop_control:
label: "{{ item.key }}"
when: users is defined
- name: Create Ansible's temporary remote directory for users
ansible.builtin.file:
path: "{{ item.value.homedir | default('/home/' + item.key) }}/.ansible/tmp"
state: directory
mode: "755"
owner: "{{ item.key }}"
group: "{{ item.value.gid }}"
loop: "{{ users | dict2items }}"
loop_control:
label: "{{ item.key }}"
when:
- users is defined
- item.value.ansible_temp | default(false)
- name: Install EPEL repository
ansible.builtin.dnf:
name: epel-release
state: present
update_cache: true
- name: Install useful software
ansible.builtin.apt:
name: "{{ packages }}"
ansible.builtin.dnf:
name: "{{ common_packages }}"
state: present
update_cache: true
- name: Install the Uncomplicated Firewall
ansible.builtin.apt:
name: ufw
- name: Install firewalld
ansible.builtin.dnf:
name: firewalld
state: present
update_cache: true
- name: Deny incoming traffic by default
community.general.ufw:
default: deny
direction: incoming
- name: Start and enable firewalld service
ansible.builtin.systemd:
name: firewalld
state: started
enabled: true
- name: Allow outgoing traffic by default
community.general.ufw:
default: allow
direction: outgoing
- name: Allow OpenSSH with rate limiting
community.general.ufw:
name: ssh
rule: limit
- name: Enable firewall
community.general.ufw:
- name: Set default zone to drop (deny incoming by default)
ansible.posix.firewalld:
zone: drop
state: enabled
permanent: true
immediate: true
- name: Allow SSH in drop zone with rate limiting via rich rule
ansible.posix.firewalld:
zone: drop
rich_rule: 'rule service name="ssh" accept limit value="10/m"'
permanent: true
immediate: true
state: enabled
- name: Set drop as the default zone
ansible.builtin.command:
cmd: firewall-cmd --set-default-zone=drop
changed_when: false

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@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
- name: Restart systemd-logind
ansible.builtin.systemd:
name: systemd-logind
state: restarted

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@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
- name: Install Podman
ansible.builtin.dnf:
name: ["podman", "podman-docker", "podman-compose"]
state: present
- name: Create /etc/containers/nodocker to quiet CLI emulation notice
ansible.builtin.file:
path: /etc/containers/nodocker
state: touch
mode: "644"
- name: Create logind.conf.d directory
ansible.builtin.file:
path: /etc/systemd/logind.conf.d
state: directory
mode: "755"
- name: Create linger directory
ansible.builtin.file:
path: /var/lib/systemd/linger
state: directory
mode: "755"
- name: Enable lingering for oci user
ansible.builtin.file:
path: /var/lib/systemd/linger/oci
state: touch
mode: "644"
notify: Restart systemd-logind
- name: Force handler execution for user lingering
ansible.builtin.meta: flush_handlers
- name: Create user systemd directory
ansible.builtin.file:
path: "/home/oci/.config/systemd/user"
state: directory
mode: "755"
owner: oci
group: oci
- name: Enable oci's podman socket
ansible.builtin.systemd:
name: podman.socket
enabled: true
state: started
scope: user
become_user: oci
become: true

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@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
version: '3.5'
volumes:
wordpress:
nextcloud:
@ -10,8 +8,10 @@ networks:
services:
traefik:
image: traefik:${TRAEFIK_VERSION:-latest}
image: ${TRAEFIK_IMAGE:-docker.io/library/traefik}:${TRAEFIK_VERSION:-latest}
restart: always
security_opt:
- label=type:container_runtime_t
command:
- --api.dashboard=${TRAEFIK_DASHBOARD:-true}
- --api.debug=${TRAEFIK_DEBUG:-false}
@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ services:
- --providers.docker.exposedbydefault=${TRAEFIK_EXPOSED_DEFAULT:-false}
- --entrypoints.web.address=:80
- --entrypoints.websecure.address=:443
- --entrypoints.local.address=:8443
- --entrypoints.local.address=:9443
- --entrypoints.web.http.redirections.entrypoint.to=websecure
- --entrypoints.web.http.redirections.entrypoint.scheme=https
- --entrypoints.web.http.redirections.entrypoint.permanent=true
@ -33,11 +33,11 @@ services:
environment:
DREAMHOST_API_KEY: ${TRAEFIK_DREAMHOST_APIKEY}
ports:
- 80:80
- 443:443
- "127.0.0.1:8443:8443"
- "${ENTRYWEB:-127.0.0.1:8080}:80"
- "${ENTRYSECURE:-127.0.0.1:8443}:443"
- "${ENTRYLOCAL:-127.0.0.1:9443}:9443"
volumes:
- /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock
- ${OCI_SOCK:-/run/user/2000/podman/podman.sock}:/var/run/docker.sock:ro,Z
- ./.acme:/etc/letsencrypt
labels:
traefik.http.routers.api.rule: Host(`${TRAEFIK_DOMAIN:-traefik.local.freeitathens.org}`)
@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ services:
- traefik
wordpress:
image: wordpress:${WORDPRESS_VERSION:-latest}
image: ${WORDPRESS_IMAGE:-docker.io/library/wordpress}:${WORDPRESS_VERSION:-latest}
restart: always
environment:
WORDPRESS_DB_HOST: ${WORDPRESS_DB_HOST:-host.docker.internal}
@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ services:
- host.docker.internal:host-gateway
nextcloud:
image: nextcloud:${NEXTCLOUD_VERSION:-stable}
image: ${NEXTCLOUD_IMAGE:-docker.io/library/nextcloud}:${NEXTCLOUD_VERSION:-stable}
restart: always
environment:
MYSQL_HOST: ${NEXTCLOUD_MYSQL_HOST:-host.docker.internal:3306}

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@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
user nginx;
worker_processes auto;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;
pid /run/nginx.pid;
include /usr/share/nginx/modules/*.conf;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
stream {
server {
listen 80;
proxy_pass 127.0.0.1:8080;
}
server {
listen 443;
proxy_pass 127.0.0.1:8443;
}
}

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@ -1,14 +1,38 @@
- name: Restart nginx
ansible.builtin.systemd:
name: nginx
state: restarted
- name: Restart MariaDB
ansible.builtin.service:
name: mariadb
state: restarted
listen: restart_mariadb
- name: Compose up on webserver stack
ansible.builtin.command: "docker-compose up -d"
args:
chdir: "{{ webserver_root }}"
listen: composeup_webserver
- name: Start podman compose project
ansible.builtin.command:
cmd: podman compose up -d
chdir: "/home/oci/webserver"
notify: Generate systemd service files
changed_when: false
become_user: oci
become: true
- name: Reload systemd user daemon
ansible.builtin.systemd:
daemon_reload: true
scope: user
notify: Enable systemd user service
become_user: oci
become: true
- name: Enable systemd user service
ansible.builtin.systemd:
name: webserver
enabled: true
scope: user
become_user: oci
become: true
- name: Grab Nextcloud container information
community.docker.docker_container_info:
@ -23,8 +47,9 @@
listen: composeup_webserver
- name: Check Nextcloud status
ansible.builtin.command: "docker exec --user www-data {{ webserver_root | basename }}_nextcloud_1
php occ status"
ansible.builtin.command:
"docker exec --user www-data {{ webserver_root | basename }}_nextcloud_1
php occ status"
listen: composeup_webserver
register: nextcloud_status
@ -34,3 +59,12 @@
when:
- nextcloud_status.stderr[:26] == "Nextcloud is not installed"
- nextcloud_autoinstall
- name: Install webserver docker-compose.yml
ansible.builtin.copy:
src: docker-compose.yml
dest: /home/oci/webserver/compose.yml
mode: "600"
owner: oci
group: oci
notify: Generate systemd service files

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@ -1,72 +1,96 @@
- name: Install MariaDB Server
ansible.builtin.apt:
ansible.builtin.dnf:
name: mariadb-server
state: present
- name: Change the bind-address to allow Docker
ansible.builtin.lineinfile:
path: /etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/50-server.cnf
path: /etc/my.cnf.d/mariadb-server.cnf
regex: "^bind-address"
line: "bind-address = 0.0.0.0"
notify: restart_mariadb
- name: Start and enable MariaDB service
ansible.builtin.systemd:
name: mariadb
state: started
enabled: true
- name: Install MySQL Support for Python 3
ansible.builtin.apt:
name: python3-pymysql
ansible.builtin.dnf:
name: python3-PyMySQL
state: present
- name: Create MariaDB databases
community.mysql.mysql_db:
name: "{{ item.name }}"
state: present
login_unix_socket: /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
login_unix_socket: /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
loop: "{{ databases }}"
no_log: "{{ item.pass is defined }}"
no_log: true
- name: Create MariaDB users
community.mysql.mysql_user:
name: "{{ item.name }}"
password: "{{ item.pass }}"
host: '%'
host: "%"
state: present
priv: "{{ item.name }}.*:ALL"
login_unix_socket: /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
login_unix_socket: /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
loop: "{{ databases }}"
no_log: "{{ item.pass is defined }}"
no_log: true
- name: Create webserver docker-compose directory
- name: Create webserver stack directory
ansible.builtin.file:
path: "{{ webserver_root }}"
path: /home/oci/webserver
state: directory
mode: 0600
mode: "700"
owner: oci
group: oci
- name: Install webserver docker-compose.yml
- name: Install webserver compose file
ansible.builtin.copy:
src: docker-compose.yml
dest: "{{ webserver_root }}/docker-compose.yml"
mode: 0600
notify: composeup_webserver
dest: /home/oci/webserver/compose.yml
mode: "600"
owner: oci
group: oci
notify: Start podman compose project
- name: Install docker-compose .env
- name: Generate webserver environment configuration
ansible.builtin.template:
src: compose-env.j2
dest: "{{ webserver_root }}/.env"
mode: 0600
notify: composeup_webserver
dest: /home/oci/webserver/.env
mode: "400"
owner: oci
group: oci
notify: Start podman compose project
- name: Allow MariaDB database connections
community.general.ufw:
rule: allow
port: 3306
proto: tcp
src: "{{ item }}"
loop: "{{ mariadb_trust }}"
- name: Install nginx
ansible.builtin.dnf:
name: ["nginx", "nginx-mod-stream"]
state: present
update_cache: true
- name: Add HTTP and HTTPS firewall rule
community.general.ufw:
rule: allow
port: "{{ item }}"
proto: tcp
- name: Deploy nginx proxy config
ansible.builtin.copy:
src: nginx.conf
dest: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
mode: "644"
notify: Restart nginx
- name: Allow HTTP and HTTPS in firewall
ansible.posix.firewalld:
service: "{{ item }}"
permanent: true
state: enabled
immediate: true
loop:
- "80"
- "443"
- http
- https
- name: Start and enable nginx
ansible.builtin.systemd:
name: nginx
state: started
enabled: true

View File

@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ MATCH_PATTERN="ssh -fNT -i ${PRIVATE_KEY}.*vagrant@"
function ssh_connect {
sudo ssh -fNT -i "$PRIVATE_KEY" \
-L 8443:localhost:8443 \
-L 9443:localhost:9443 \
-L 80:localhost:80 \
-L 443:localhost:443 \
-o UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null \

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@ -3,5 +3,5 @@
become: true
roles:
- common
- docker
- podman
- webserver